Magnet-coil.



m B IN u l d e t n e t a P N E M T M .6 F A H 8 m 8 7 6 o N (Applicationfiled Apr. 22, 1901.)

2 Sheets-Sheet I.

(No Model.)

Wrtnessas:

Inventor. Hermann FT. Erban.

No. 678,!68. Patnted July 9, IBM. H. F.'T. ERBEN.

MAGNET COIL.

gApplication filed Apr. 22, 1901.) (No Model.)

2 Shets-"Shoei. 2.

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UNITE STATES PATENT ()FFICE.

HERMANN F. T. ERBEN, OF SOHENEOTADY, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR TO THE GENERALELECTRIC COMPANY, OF NEW YORK.

MAGNET-COIL.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters PatentNo. 678,168, dated July 9,1901.

Application filed April 22, 1901.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, HERMANN F. T. ERBEN, a citizen of the United States,residing at Schenectady, in the county of Schenectady,

State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inMagnet- Ooils, (Case No. 1,769,) of which the following is aspecification.

This invention relates to improvements in IO ventilated field-coils forelectric machines, in accordance with which a practical commercialmachine can be built in such manner as to increase its output and topossess in a high degree all the advantages well known to those I 5skilled in the art of ventilated or air-cooled coils.

In accordance with the invention a most economical and efficientstructure is so modified, without detracting from its advantages,

as to provide ample means for cooling the coils by currents of air. Theembodiment of the invention shown herein may be changed so as to beadapted to different uses; but as at present constructed it is appliedand utilized in a field-magnet for electric machines and the magnetconstructed in accordance with the invention is mounted on its polepiecein any suitable manner which may be desired. There may be a greater orless number of such magnet-coils for each machine, in

accordance with the capacity which the machine is designed to possess.The coils may constitute a portion of a stationary field or they may bemounted on a rotatable spider,

3 5 according to the well-known practice, but in the latter case theconductors, which become heated, are subjected to a greater amount ofair-currents.

It has long been known that field -coils could be kept comparativelycool by so constructing them that the conductors would be exposed toair-currents, and several different structures have been suggested forobtaining this end. None of these, however,

has been well adapted for commercial application, and therefore I havedevised the construction herein described, which is now being embodiedin exactly the manner shown in a large number of electric machines ofsize.

This construction is such that the cost of manufacture is as low as isconsistent With a Serial No. 56,825. (No model.)

durable machine part, and at the same time it is possible for any givenmachine to possess to a very high degree all the advantages attendantupon the use of ventilated fieldcoils.

In carrying out the invention a sheet-iron cylinder is provided as asupport or spool upon which the coils are to be wound, and suitableinsulation is then placed around the spool; but before the winding isdone, however, separate insulating-collars are loosely mounted upon thespool, and starshaped rings provided with radial arms are secured to theends of the cylinder. These insulatingcollars are formed with one ormore annular series of lateral perforations or openings, and the arms ofthe end rings abut against the collars between successive openings ofthe series. A portionof the coils is wound about the insulated spool, soas to fill the space between the insulatingrings and force the latteragainst the arms of the endrings. After a portion of the coils has beenwound spacingstrips are laid upon such portion, so as to extendlongitudinally from end to end of the. winding and engage with theinsulating-collars to force them against the end rings and remove thestrain from the winding. The ends of these strips abut against theportions of the collars between successive lateral openings of theannular series, and hence the strips are also in alinement with the armsof the end rings, which arms abut against the opposite sides of theinsulating-rings,between the perforations therein. The winding of thecoils is continued over the spacing-strips, and, if desired, for certainmachines additional spacing-strips may be put in place over the secondportion to be'wound. In any case the series of spacing-strips arrangedannu-, larly around the spool serve to provide ventilating-spacesbetween the different portions of the coils, and it will be seen thatsuch spaces are in alinement with the openings in 5 theinsulating-collars and with the spaces between the arms of the endrings, so that the result is a plurality of air-passages, which extendfrom end to end of the windings'and through the separateinsulating-collars and end rings.

Of the drawings, Figure 1 is an end view of a completed field -coil, aportion of the structure being broken away to show the windings. Fig. 2is a section of a portion of the same along the line X X of Fig. 1. Fig.3 is an end elevation of a slightly-modified form of coil, a portionbeing broken away to show the windings themselves; and Fig. 4: is asection of a portion of the same along the line Z Z of Fig.

The spool P of the apparatus comprisesa sheet-metal cylinder which hasits ends D notched and turned back outwardly, so that they extendradially. A portion adjacent to each end of the cylinder or spool isbeaded, as shown at B, in order to form exterior annular ribs. Suitableinsulation 1, which may be of fiber or paper or any other desirablematerial, is put in place around the spool, and insulating-collars O areloosely mounted on the spool over this insulation. These collars arepreferably composed of several strips or disks of wood with the grainsopposed, which are secured together in order to prevent warping. Thecompleted ring has formed in it one or more annular series of lateralperforations or openings H. After the insulating-collars C have beenplaced over the spool malleable-iron rings R are slipped over theuninsulated ends of the cylinder and are pushed up against the beadedportions 13. The ends of the cylinder I are then notched, as shown inFigs. 1 and 3, and bent outwardly, so that they extend radially, andthese upturned ends are secured to the ring R by suitable means, such asrivets V. The'rings R are so arranged circumferentially that the radialarms with which they are provided abut against the portions of theinsulating-collars (J which lie between successive lateral openings H.

The structure is now ready for the winding of the coils, and in thedevice shown in Figs. 1 and 2 a fiat copper strap is wound over theinsulation I to constitute the series coils, the turns being of courseseparated from each other by suitable strips of insulation unless thecopper strips are connected in parallel. This winding extends radiallyup to the lat eral openings H of the insulating-collars O, and after thewinding is completed a series of spacing-strips K are placed annularlyaround the winding. These spacing-strips are disposed longitudinallyfrom end to end of the winding between the insulating-collars C and areso located that their ends abut against the portions of theinsulating-collars which lie between successive openings to force theinsulating-collars against the arms of the end rings. Hence it will beseen that the strips are in alinement with the arms A of the end rings.Upon these annular series of spacingstrips K is wound the shunt-coil N,which is composed of ordinary insulated Wire. This winding is continuedup to within a short distance of the ends of the insulating-rings, andthe outside of the coil maybe suitably wrapped with protectinginsulation in any well-known manner. It is thus clear that thespacingstrips provide a plurality of ventilating-openings, which extendcontinuously throughout the length of the winding-space between theseries coil E and the shunt-coil N and also through the lateral openingsin the insulating-collars and have free access to the outside airbetween the arms A of the rings B. As shown in Fig. 1, suitableterminals L are provided for the series coil E and terminals L for theshunt-coil N.

The construction shown in Figs. 3 and a is similar to that shown inFigs. 1 and 2, except that there are two annular series of spacingstrips K, and consequently twoannular series of lateral openings 11 inthe insulatingcollars G. Furthermore, the arms A of the rings R arelonger in consequence of an iucreased width of the collar 0, and anoutside rim R connects the ends of the arms together in order tostrengthen the structure. Also, as shown in Fig. 4, the shunt and seriescoils are not wound concentrically, but each coil occupies its ownlongitudinal space along the length of the spool. In order to separateand insulate the series and shunt coils from each other, a thirdinsulating-collar, O, is loosely mounted over the insulation 1, and thiscollar is provided with an annular series of perforations in the samemanner as the end collars O. As in Figs. 1 and 2, spacing-strips K formVentilating-spaces; but the strips are interposed between portions ofthe same coil. Thus the innermost portion of the coil N is Wound and theseries spacing-strips are placed thereon, and the winding is continued,but over these spacing-strips. The series coil E, composed of a copperstrap, is also wound in the same manner.

What I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent of theUnited States, is-- 1. A magnet for electric machines, which comprises aspool, coils wound thereon, spacing-strips interposed between differentcoils to form ventilatingspaces, independent insulating-collars adjacentthe ends of the coils, said collars being formed with one or moreannular series of lateral openings registering with theventilating-spaces, said spacingstrips abutting against the portions ofthe collars between the successive lateral openings, and rings on theends of the spool, said rings being provided with radial arms each ofwhich arms extends adjacent to its collar between two successive lateralopenings, and hence in alinement with a spacing-strip.

2. A magnet for electric machines, which comprises a spool, independentinsulatingcollars loosely mounted thereon, spacingstrips separating thecollars, coils wound between the collars and having ventilatingspacesformed by said strips, and rings on the ends of the spool which hold thecollars against the ends of the spacing-strips, said collars and ringsbeing constructed and arranged to permit free access of outside air tothe ventilating-spaces.

3. A magnet for electric machines, which comprises a spool, coils woundthereon so that different portions are separated by ventilating spaces,independent insulating collars mounted on the spool adjacent the ends ofthe coils, said collars being provided with annular series of lateralopenings corresponding and registering with the ventilatingspaces, andrings on the ends of the spool, which are provided with radial arms,each arm extending adjacent to its collar between two successive lateralopenings.

t. A magnet for electric machines, which comprises a spool, independentinsulatingcollars loosely mounted thereon, rings on the ends of thespool, and coils wound on the spool between the collars in such mannerthat ventilating-spaces are formed, said collars and ring beingconstructed and arranged to permit free access of air to theventilatingspaces.

5. A magnet for electric machines, which comprises a spool, coils woundthereon so that different portions are separated by ventilating spaces,independent insulating collars mounted on the spool adjacent the ends ofthe coils, said collars being provided With annular series of lateralopenings corresponding and registering with the ventilating-spaces, andrings on the ends of the spool which are constructed and arranged topermit free access of outside air to the ventilating-spaces.

6. A magnet for electric machines, which, comprises a spool, coils woundthereon, spacing-strips extending longitudinally of the spool andinterposed between portions of the coils to form ventilating-spaces, andindependent rings secured to the ends of the spool, said rings beingprovided with radial arms which retain the coils in position on thespool and share coincident radial space with the spacing-strips,wherebythe entire ventilatingspaces between said strips are open to the outsideair.

7. A magnet for electric machines, which comprises a spool, coils woundthereon so that different portions are separated by ventilating-spaces,and independent rings secured to the ends of the spool, said rings beingprovided with radial arms which retain the coils in position on thespool and permit free access of outside air to the ventilating-spaces.

8. In a magnet for electric machines, the combination with a spool,ofcoils wound thereon so that ventilating-spaces are formed betweendifferent portions thereof, the ends of the spool being extendedradially, and rings secured to the extended ends of the spools, eachring being formed with radial arms which secure the coils in positionand are separated from each other to permit free access of the outer airto the ventilating-spaces.

9. In a magnet-coil for electric machines, the combination with a spool,of coils wound thereon so that ventilating-spaces are formed betweendiiferent portions thereof, the ends of the spools being extendedradially, annular ribs on the outside of the spool adjacent to theradially-extended ends, and rings secured between the ribbed andradially-extended portions of the spool, each ring being formed withradially-extending arms which hold the coils in place and are separatedfrom each other to permit free access of the outer air to theVentilating-spaces.

10. In a magnet for electric machines, the combination with asheet-metal spool having radially-extending end portions, of ringssecured to said portions and provided with radial arms, insulationaround the spool, coils wound around the insulation, and spacingstripsextending from the coils longitudinally in alinement with the arms,whereby Ventilating-spaces are formed through the coils and rings.

11. In a field-magnet for electric machines, the combination withaspool, of rings mounted on the ends of the spool and provided withradial arms, three independent insulatingcollars loosely mounted on thering and formed with one or more annular series of perforations, aseries coil comprising a copper strap wound on said spool, a wireshuntcoil wound on said spool, and spacing-strips extending between thesolid portions of the collars to form ventilating-spaces.

In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand this 19th day of April,1901.

HERMANN F. T. ERBEN. Witnesses:

BENJAMIN B. HULL, MARGARET E. WOOLLEY,

